Sweet Orange Oil Concentrated

#### Orange Oil, Sweet, concentrated. For the same reasons as those given under the monograph **Lemon**** ****Oil,**** ****concentrated**** **(see this), the expressed oil of sweet orange peel is also further processed to so-called concentrates, e. g. two-fold, five-fold, ten-fold, etc. Concentration is achieved by simple vacuum distillation whereby mainly monoterpenes (pinene and d-limonene) are removed. The distilled d-limonene (an "isolate") is obtained in a similar way from other citrus oils and is used in perfumery similarly to the distilled sweet orange oil. It is also used as a starting material in the synthetic production of Carvone, an important spearmint and caraway flavor material. The above simple concentration leads to very dark, brownish-orange colored oils of powerful and sweet odor, less fresh and less "peel-like" than that of the natural oil. The flavor, too, increases in power, but a five-fold orange oil obviously does not yield *5** *times as much flavor as does the natural oil. The lifting effect of d-limonene is typical and is diminished by the concentration of the oil (removal of the monoterpene). The oil is commercially known as "five-fold sweet orange oil, with waxes". The waxes have a fixative effect, and to a certain extent, also exert a preserving effect on the oil. They are poorly soluble in alcohol, and in order to obtain an alcohol-soluble concentrated orange oil, it is necessary to remove the waxes, sesquiterpenes, etc. Such oils are usually called terpeneless sweet orange oils even if they still contain significant amounts of monoterpenes. See monograph on **Orange Oil, Sweet,**** ****Terpeneless **and **Sesquiterpeneless.** Concentrated sweet orange oils are preferably made from the best flavor grades of expressed sweet orange oils of the Valencia type. The concentrate is mainly used in flavors where a pronounced sweet orange flavor is called for, where alcohol-solubility is not a major problem, where good keeping qualities are required and, in general, as an intensifier for the natural oil. It is also used in perfumery for the latter purpose. A special type of concentrated sweet orange oils is the six-fold, sesquiterpeneless, wax-free and partially monoterpeneless, colorless oil, de scribe under **Lemon**** ****Oil,**** ****Concentrated**. The concentrate of sweet orange oil is prepared in a similar way.